Plurality of Nouns
12-Mar-2023Plurality of Nouns ( Otlarda ko'plik )
Ingliz tilida ko'plik ko'p hollarda "-s" qo'shimchasi bilan yasaladi.
Uzbek : "-lar " - kitoblar , o'quvchilar
English : "-s " - books, pupils
Ko'plik yasash yo'llari:
1. Agar ot (so'z) - s, -ss, -x, -ch, -sh, -o harflariga tugasa - es qo'shiladi.
bus - buses (avtobus)
dress - dresses (kuylak)
box - boxes (quti)
torch - torches (fanar, mashala)
brush - brushes (cho'tka)
potato - potatoes (kartoshka)
Istisno holatlar!
radio - radios, (radio)
photo - photos, (rasm)
piano - pianos, (pianino)
video - videos, (video)
rhino - rhinos, (karkidon)
hippo - hippos (begimot)
2. Agar unli+y bo'lsa ( -s ) boy - boys key - keys
Agar undosh+y bo'lsa ( - es [y+es=ies] ) cherry - cherries, baby - babies
3. Agar so'z quyidagicha tugasa -f+ es = ves , va -fe + s = ves bo'ladi.
leaf - leaves (yaproq)
walf - walves (bo'ri)
wife - wives (xotin)
knife - knives (pichoq)
Istisno holatlar!
roof - roofs ( tom )
cliff - cliffs ( tik qoya )
giraffe - giraffes ( jirafa )
chief - chiefs ( boshliq )
4. Quyidagi so'zlarning ko'pligi o'zakni o'zgartirish bilan yasaladi.
Birlik Ko'plik
man (kishi) men
woman (ayol) women
foot (oyoq) feet
goose (g'oz) geese
mouse (sichqon) mice
Ox (ho'kiz) Oxen
Child (bola) children
6. Ko'pligi ham birligi ham bir xil yasaladigan otlar:
sheep - sheep, swine - swine, fish - fish, deer - deer
! Agar ko'plikdagi ot oldidan sifat ishlatilsa, sifat hech qanday ko'plik qo'shimchasini olmaydi, faqat otni ko'pligi mavjud. a happy girl - two happy girls. 7. Faqat ko'plikda ishlatiladigan otlar.
scissors - qaychi tongs - ombur
spectacles (glasses) - ko'zoynak goods - tovarlar, mollar
trousers - shim slums - xarobalar
jeans - jinsi contents - mundarija
shorts - sho'rtik clothes - kiyim-kechak
pyjamas - pajama stairs - zina
tights - kalgotki proceeds - savdo tushimi
scales - tarozi
8. Grek va lotin tilidan kirib kelgan so'zlar:
Datum - data ( berilgan kattalik ) Addendum - addenda ( qo'shimcha ) Erratum - errata ( xato ) Memorandum - memoranda ( memorandum ) Phenomenon - phenomina ( ko'rinish ) Basis - bases ( asos ) Crises - crises ( inqiroz )
9. Qo'shib yoziladigan qo'shma so'zlarning ikkinchi so'zi ko'plikda bo'ladi.
schoolboy - schoolboys ; postman - postmen ;
dustwoman - dustwomen ; housewife - housewives ;
10. Oxiri - ics qo'shimchasiga tugagan fan nomlari va kasallik nomlari faqat birlikda ishlatiladi.
mathematics ( matematika ) , physics ( fizika )
economics ( iqtisod ) , athletics ( atletika )
gymnastics ( gimnastika ) , politics ( siyosat )
measles ( qizamiq ) , mumps ( tepki )